Photodynamic therapy using Photofrin and excimer dye laser treatment for superficial oral squamous cell carcinomas with long-term follow up

Objectives: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a very effective treatment for superficial malignancies that does not result in loss of normal tissue. Here, we report successful PDT treatment of superficial oral cancers and its clinical outcome with long-term follow up. Materials and methods: Thirty-four superficial oral squamous cell carcinomas were treated with PDT, and the effects were evaluated. Each patient received Photofrin (2mg/kg) intravenously 48h prior to light irradiation. Photoradiation was performed at doses of 100-150J/cm(2) using a 630-nm wavelength excimer dye laser. Results: Six months after PDT, 30 patients (88.2%) showed complete responses while 9 patients (26.5%) had local relapses during long-term follow-up. The 5-year overall survival, disease-specific survival, and disease-free survival rates were 76.5%, 84.6%, and 63.3%, respectively. Lesions with red patches had a significantly higher recurrence rate than lesions with white patches. Accurate evaluation of the extent of lesions and appropriate photoradiation were important in improving outcomes. Adverse events observed included sunburn and sequestrum formation of alveolar bone. No abnormal laboratory values or systemic complications were observed. Conclusion: PDT using Photofrin as the photosensitizer is an effective treatment modality for superficial oral carcinomas, with excellent healing and minimal side effects.